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DNS Activity (4003)

DNS Activity events report DNS queries and answers as seen on the network.

  • Category: Network Activity
  • Extends: network
  • UID: 4003

Attributes

Section titled “Attributes”

Classification

Section titled “Classification”

activity_id

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: required
  • Values:
    • 0 - Unknown: The event activity is unknown.
    • 1 - Query: The DNS query request.
    • 2 - Response: The DNS query response.
    • 6 - Traffic: Bidirectional DNS request and response traffic.
    • 99 - Other: The event activity is not mapped. See the activity_name attribute, which contains a data source specific value.

The normalized identifier of the activity that triggered the event.

category_uid

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: required
  • Values:
    • 4 - Network Activity: Network Activity events.

The category unique identifier of the event.

class_uid

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: required
  • Values:
    • 4003 - DNS Activity: DNS Activity events report DNS queries and answers as seen on the network.

The unique identifier of a class. A class describes the attributes available in an event.

severity_id

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: required
  • Values:
    • 0 - Unknown: The event/finding severity is unknown.
    • 1 - Informational: Informational message. No action required.
    • 2 - Low: The user decides if action is needed.
    • 3 - Medium: Action is required but the situation is not serious at this time.
    • 4 - High: Action is required immediately.
    • 5 - Critical: Action is required immediately and the scope is broad.
    • 6 - Fatal: An error occurred but it is too late to take remedial action.
    • 99 - Other: The event/finding severity is not mapped. See the severity attribute, which contains a data source specific value.

The normalized identifier of the event/finding severity.The normalized severity is a measurement the effort and expense required to manage and resolve an event or incident. Smaller numerical values represent lower impact events, and larger numerical values represent higher impact events.

type_uid

  • Type: long_t
  • Requirement: required
  • Values:
    • 400300 - DNS Activity: Unknown
    • 400301 - DNS Activity: Query: The DNS query request.
    • 400302 - DNS Activity: Response: The DNS query response.
    • 400306 - DNS Activity: Traffic: Bidirectional DNS request and response traffic.
    • 400399 - DNS Activity: Other

The event/finding type ID. It identifies the event’s semantics and structure. The value is calculated by the logging system as: class_uid * 100 + activity_id.

activity_name

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The event activity name, as defined by the activity_id.

category_name

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The event category name, as defined by category_uid value: Network Activity.

class_name

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The event class name, as defined by class_uid value: DNS Activity.

severity

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The event/finding severity, normalized to the caption of the severity_id value. In the case of ‘Other’, it is defined by the source.

type_name

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The event/finding type name, as defined by the type_uid.

Context

Section titled “Context”

metadata

The metadata associated with the event or a finding.

confidence_id security_control

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: recommended
  • Values:
    • 0 - Unknown: The normalized confidence is unknown.
    • 1 - Low
    • 2 - Medium
    • 3 - High
    • 99 - Other: The confidence is not mapped to the defined enum values. See the confidence attribute, which contains a data source specific value.

The normalized confidence refers to the accuracy of the rule that created the finding. A rule with a low confidence means that the finding scope is wide and may create finding reports that may not be malicious in nature.

proxy_connection_info network_proxy

The connection information from the proxy server to the remote server.

proxy_tls network_proxy

  • Type: tls
  • Requirement: recommended

The TLS protocol negotiated between the proxy server and the remote server.

proxy_traffic network_proxy

The network traffic refers to the amount of data moving across a network, from proxy to remote server at a given point of time.

api cloud

  • Type: api
  • Requirement: optional

Describes details about a typical API (Application Programming Interface) call.

app_name

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The name of the application associated with the event or object.

confidence security_control

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The confidence, normalized to the caption of the confidence_id value. In the case of ‘Other’, it is defined by the event source.

confidence_score security_control

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: optional

The confidence score as reported by the event source.

connection_info

The network connection information.

enrichments

The additional information from an external data source, which is associated with the event or a finding. For example add location information for the IP address in the DNS answers:[{"name": "answers.ip", "value": "92.24.47.250", "type": "location", "data": {"city": "Socotra", "continent": "Asia", "coordinates": [-25.4153, 17.0743], "country": "YE", "desc": "Yemen"}}]

ja4_fingerprint_list

A list of the JA4+ network fingerprints.

proxy_endpoint network_proxy

The proxy (server) in a network connection.

proxy_http_request network_proxy

The HTTP Request from the proxy server to the remote server.

proxy_http_response network_proxy

The HTTP Response from the remote server to the proxy server.

raw_data

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The raw event/finding data as received from the source.

raw_data_size

  • Type: long_t
  • Requirement: optional

The size of the raw data which was transformed into an OCSF event, in bytes.

risk_details security_control

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

Describes the risk associated with the finding.

risk_level security_control

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The risk level, normalized to the caption of the risk_level_id value.

risk_level_id security_control

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: optional
  • Values:
    • 0 - Info
    • 1 - Low
    • 2 - Medium
    • 3 - High
    • 4 - Critical
    • 99 - Other: The risk level is not mapped. See the risk_level attribute, which contains a data source specific value.

The normalized risk level id.

risk_score security_control

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: optional

The risk score as reported by the event source.

tls

  • Type: tls
  • Requirement: optional

The Transport Layer Security (TLS) attributes.

traffic

The network traffic refers to the amount of data moving across a network at a given point of time. Intended to be used alongside Network Connection.

unmapped

  • Type: object
  • Requirement: optional

The attributes that are not mapped to the event schema. The names and values of those attributes are specific to the event source.

Occurrence

Section titled “Occurrence”

time

  • Type: timestamp_t
  • Requirement: required

The normalized event occurrence time or the finding creation time.

query_time

  • Type: timestamp_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The Domain Name System (DNS) query time.

response_time

  • Type: timestamp_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The Domain Name System (DNS) response time.

timezone_offset

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The number of minutes that the reported event time is ahead or behind UTC, in the range -1,080 to +1,080.

count

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: optional

The number of times that events in the same logical group occurred during the event Start Time to End Time period.

duration

  • Type: long_t
  • Requirement: optional

The event duration or aggregate time, the amount of time the event covers from start_time to end_time in milliseconds.

end_time

  • Type: timestamp_t
  • Requirement: optional

The end time of a time period, or the time of the most recent event included in the aggregate event.

end_time_dt datetime

  • Type: datetime_t
  • Requirement: optional

The end time of a time period, or the time of the most recent event included in the aggregate event.

query_time_dt datetime

  • Type: datetime_t
  • Requirement: optional

The Domain Name System (DNS) query time.

response_time_dt datetime

  • Type: datetime_t
  • Requirement: optional

The Domain Name System (DNS) response time.

start_time

  • Type: timestamp_t
  • Requirement: optional

The start time of a time period, or the time of the least recent event included in the aggregate event.

start_time_dt datetime

  • Type: datetime_t
  • Requirement: optional

The start time of a time period, or the time of the least recent event included in the aggregate event.

time_dt datetime

  • Type: datetime_t
  • Requirement: optional

The normalized event occurrence time or the finding creation time.

Primary

Section titled “Primary”

cloud cloud

  • Type: cloud
  • Requirement: required

Describes details about the Cloud environment where the event was originally created or logged.

osint osint

  • Type: osint
  • Requirement: required

The OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) object contains details related to an indicator such as the indicator itself, related indicators, geolocation, registrar information, subdomains, analyst commentary, and other contextual information. This information can be used to further enrich a detection or finding by providing decisioning support to other analysts and engineers.

action_id security_control

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: recommended
  • Values:
    • 0 - Unknown: The action was unknown. The disposition_id attribute may still be set to a non-unknown value, for example ‘Custom Action’, ‘Challenge’.
    • 1 - Allowed: The activity was allowed. The disposition_id attribute should be set to a value that conforms to this action, for example ‘Allowed’, ‘Approved’, ‘Delayed’, ‘No Action’, ‘Count’ etc.
    • 2 - Denied: The attempted activity was denied. The disposition_id attribute should be set to a value that conforms to this action, for example ‘Blocked’, ‘Rejected’, ‘Quarantined’, ‘Isolated’, ‘Dropped’, ‘Access Revoked, etc.
    • 3 - Observed: The activity was observed, but neither explicitly allowed nor denied. This is common with IDS and EDR controls that report additional information on observed behavior such as TTPs. The disposition_id attribute should be set to a value that conforms to this action, for example ‘Logged’, ‘Alert’, ‘Detected’, ‘Count’, etc.
    • 4 - Modified: The activity was modified, adjusted, or corrected. The disposition_id attribute should be set appropriately, for example ‘Restored’, ‘Corrected’, ‘Delayed’, ‘Captcha’, ‘Tagged’.
    • 99 - Other: The action is not mapped. See the action attribute which contains a data source specific value.

The action taken by a control or other policy-based system leading to an outcome or disposition. An unknown action may still correspond to a known disposition. Refer to disposition_id for the outcome of the action.

answers

The Domain Name System (DNS) answers.

device host

  • Type: device
  • Requirement: recommended

An addressable device, computer system or host.

disposition_id security_control

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: recommended
  • Values:
    • 0 - Unknown: The disposition is unknown.
    • 1 - Allowed: Granted access or allowed the action to the protected resource.
    • 2 - Blocked: Denied access or blocked the action to the protected resource.
    • 3 - Quarantined: A suspicious file or other content was moved to a benign location.
    • 4 - Isolated: A session was isolated on the network or within a browser.
    • 5 - Deleted: A file or other content was deleted.
    • 6 - Dropped: The request was detected as a threat and resulted in the connection being dropped.
    • 7 - Custom Action: A custom action was executed such as running of a command script. Use the message attribute of the base class for details.
    • 8 - Approved: A request or submission was approved. For example, when a form was properly filled out and submitted. This is distinct from 1 ‘Allowed’.
    • 9 - Restored: A quarantined file or other content was restored to its original location.
    • 10 - Exonerated: A suspicious or risky entity was deemed to no longer be suspicious (re-scored).
    • 11 - Corrected: A corrupt file or configuration was corrected.
    • 12 - Partially Corrected: A corrupt file or configuration was partially corrected.
    • 13 - Uncorrected: A corrupt file or configuration was not corrected.
    • 14 - Delayed: An operation was delayed, for example if a restart was required to finish the operation.
    • 15 - Detected: Suspicious activity or a policy violation was detected without further action.
    • 16 - No Action: The outcome of an operation had no action taken.
    • 17 - Logged: The operation or action was logged without further action.
    • 18 - Tagged: A file or other entity was marked with extended attributes.
    • 19 - Alert: The request or activity was detected as a threat and resulted in a notification but request was not blocked.
    • 20 - Count: Counted the request or activity but did not determine whether to allow it or block it.
    • 21 - Reset: The request was detected as a threat and resulted in the connection being reset.
    • 22 - Captcha: Required the end user to solve a CAPTCHA puzzle to prove that a human being is sending the request.
    • 23 - Challenge: Ran a silent challenge that required the client session to verify that it’s a browser, and not a bot.
    • 24 - Access Revoked: The requestor’s access has been revoked due to security policy enforcements. Note: use the Host profile if the User or Actor requestor is not present in the event class.
    • 25 - Rejected: A request or submission was rejected. For example, when a form was improperly filled out and submitted. This is distinct from 2 ‘Blocked’.
    • 26 - Unauthorized: An attempt to access a resource was denied due to an authorization check that failed. This is a more specific disposition than 2 ‘Blocked’ and can be complemented with the authorizations attribute for more detail.
    • 27 - Error: An error occurred during the processing of the activity or request. Use the message attribute of the base class for details.
    • 99 - Other: The disposition is not mapped. See the disposition attribute, which contains a data source specific value.

Describes the outcome or action taken by a security control, such as access control checks, malware detections or various types of policy violations.

dst_endpoint

The responder (server) in a network connection.

is_alert security_control

  • Type: boolean_t
  • Requirement: recommended

Indicates that the event is considered to be an alertable signal. Should be set to true if disposition_id = Alert among other dispositions, and/or risk_level_id or severity_id of the event is elevated. Not all control events will be alertable, for example if disposition_id = Exonerated or disposition_id = Allowed.

load_balancer load_balancer

The Load Balancer object contains information related to the device that is distributing incoming traffic to specified destinations.

message

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The description of the event/finding, as defined by the source.

observables

The observables associated with the event or a finding.

proxy

The proxy (server) in a network connection.

query

The Domain Name System (DNS) query.

rcode

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The DNS server response code, normalized to the caption of the rcode_id value. In the case of ‘Other’, it is defined by the event source.

rcode_id

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: recommended
  • Values:
    • 0 - NoError: No Error.
    • 1 - FormError: Format Error.
    • 2 - ServError: Server Failure.
    • 3 - NXDomain: Non-Existent Domain.
    • 4 - NotImp: Not Implemented.
    • 5 - Refused: Query Refused.
    • 6 - YXDomain: Name Exists when it should not.
    • 7 - YXRRSet: RR Set Exists when it should not.
    • 8 - NXRRSet: RR Set that should exist does not.
    • 9 - NotAuth: Not Authorized or Server Not Authoritative for zone.
    • 10 - NotZone: Name not contained in zone.
    • 11 - DSOTYPENI: DSO-TYPE Not Implemented.
    • 16 - BADSIG_VERS: TSIG Signature Failure or Bad OPT Version.
    • 17 - BADKEY: Key not recognized.
    • 18 - BADTIME: Signature out of time window.
    • 19 - BADMODE: Bad TKEY Mode.
    • 20 - BADNAME: Duplicate key name.
    • 21 - BADALG: Algorithm not supported.
    • 22 - BADTRUNC: Bad Truncation.
    • 23 - BADCOOKIE: Bad/missing Server Cookie.
    • 24 - Unassigned: The codes deemed to be unassigned by the RFC (unassigned codes: 12-15, 24-3840, 4096-65534).
    • 25 - Reserved: The codes deemed to be reserved by the RFC (codes: 3841-4095, 65535).
    • 99 - Other: The dns response code is not defined by the RFC.

The normalized identifier of the DNS server response code. See RFC-6895.

src_endpoint

The initiator (client) of the network connection.

status

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The event status, normalized to the caption of the status_id value. In the case of ‘Other’, it is defined by the event source.

status_code

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The event status code, as reported by the event source.

For example, in a Windows Failed Authentication event, this would be the value of ‘Failure Code’, e.g. 0x18.

status_detail

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: recommended

The status detail contains additional information about the event/finding outcome.

status_id

  • Type: integer_t
  • Requirement: recommended
  • Values:
    • 0 - Unknown: The status is unknown.
    • 1 - Success
    • 2 - Failure
    • 99 - Other: The event status is not mapped. See the status attribute, which contains a data source specific value.

The normalized identifier of the event status.

action security_control

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The normalized caption of action_id.

actor host

  • Type: actor
  • Requirement: optional

The actor object describes details about the user/role/process that was the source of the activity. Note that this is not the threat actor of a campaign but may be part of a campaign.

attacks security_control

  • Type: attack
  • Requirement: optional

An array of MITRE ATT&CK® objects describing identified tactics, techniques & sub-techniques. The objects are compatible with MITRE ATLAS™ tactics, techniques & sub-techniques.

authorizations security_control

Provides details about an authorization, such as authorization outcome, and any associated policies related to the activity/event.

disposition security_control

  • Type: string_t
  • Requirement: optional

The disposition name, normalized to the caption of the disposition_id value. In the case of ‘Other’, it is defined by the event source.

firewall_rule security_control

The firewall rule that pertains to the control that triggered the event, if applicable.

malware security_control

  • Type: malware
  • Requirement: optional

A list of Malware objects, describing details about the identified malware.

malware_scan_info security_control

Describes details about the scan job that identified malware on the target system.

policy security_control

  • Type: policy
  • Requirement: optional

The policy that pertains to the control that triggered the event, if applicable. For example the name of an anti-malware policy or an access control policy.

Objects Used

Section titled “Objects Used”